KZ KL Concentration camp AUSCHWITZ rare delivery receipt for transfer stamped document

Concentration camp AUSCHWITZ Waffen SS Totenkopf guard dogtag metal disk ID dog tag relic

WW2 German Nazi AntiPartisan Bandit-warfare Badge Bandenkampfabzeichen

Bronze variation - relic found, marked on the back prong.

Bandit-warfare Badge (Bandenkampfabzeichen) was a World War II decoration of Nazi Germany awarded to members of the Army, Luftwaffe, Order Police, and Waffen-SS for participating in Nazi security warfare (Bandenbekämpfung). The badge was instituted on 30 January 1944 by Adolf Hitler after authorization/recommendation by Heinrich Himmler.[2]

Background
Especially on the Eastern Front, the terms "partisan" and "bandit" were applied by the Nazi security apparatus to Jews, communists, Soviet state officials, Red Army stragglers, and any other persons deemed to pose a security risk. Rear-area security operations against armed irregular fighters ("pacification actions") were often indistinguishable from massacres of civilians, accompanied by burning down villages, destroying crops, stealing livestock, deporting able-bodied population for slave labour to Germany and leaving parent-less children on their own.

Description
All versions of the badge feature a skull and crossed bones at the base, with a laurel wreath of oak leaves around the sides and a sword in the center. The sword's handle has the "sun-wheel" swastika, with the blade plunged into a Hydra whose five heads represent the "partisans". The second version of the badge had larger oak leaves in the wreath and a larger "sun-wheel" swastika. Historian Philip W. Blood notes the similarities between the symbol of the occultist Thule Society, with a sword and a swastika, and the design of the badge. He suggests that Himmler and Erich von dem Bach-Zalewski "had sealed Germanic mythology into a medal for Lebensraum".

The badge existed in three grades:

Bronze, for 20 combat days against "bandits"
Silver, for 50 combat days against "bandits"
Gold, for 150 combat days against "bandits"
Criteria were slightly different for the Luftwaffe, being based on 30, 75, and 150 operational flights/sorties flown in support of "bandit-fighting" operations.

Dr. Oscar Hirschberg’s office sign Only licensed to treat Jews - 1930s German Holocaust Antisemitic law

30x20cm

The Life of Dr. Oscar Hirschberg
After completing his studies in Berlin, Oscar Hirschberg began working in 1889, initially in the city of Bromberg, which was then in the Prussian Province of Posen. In 1920 Bromberg, now Bydgoszcz, became part of Poland, perhaps one reason the doctor moved his office to Berlin in 1921.

Antisemitic Regulations
In October 1938, Oscar Hirschberg received a circular from the “commissioner for Jewish practitioners” providing instructions on the design of his office sign. According to the letter, signs were to be 30 x 25 cm in size, and the doctor’s name had to be written in black type on a “sky-blue background” accompanied by the inscription “Only licensed to treat Jews.” The upper left corner was to feature a “lemon-yellow circle” measuring 5 cm in diameter and containing a blue Star of David. The “altitude of the triangles” was set at 3.5 cm. The circular also recommended adding the word “Israel” to the sign in order “to avoid subsequent costs.”

Occupational Ban on Jewish Doctors
The licenses of the more than 3,000 Jewish doctors practicing medicine in the German Reich expired in October 1938. Starting in 1933, it had become increasingly difficult for them to earn a living from their profession due to anti-Jewish boycotts, local initiatives by professional organizations, and discriminatory regulations. In autumn 1938, only 709 of the doctors considered Jewish under the Reich Citizenship Law were granted special licenses to continue practicing medicine, and they were only permitted to treat Jewish patients and their own wives and children. The special licenses could be revoked at any time. The Jewish practitioners were also prohibited from calling themselves “doctors,” and their offices had to be identified accordingly. Doctors in “mixed marriages” were often the ones to receive special licenses. Likewise, Oscar Hirschberg survived the Shoah thanks to his non-Jewish wife. He continued practicing medicine in Berlin until his death in 1946.

metal sign Juden sind hier unerwunscht (Jews Are Unwanted Here) antisemitism holocaust

an important piece of history that can be helpful for teachers of the holocaust of for a museum.
private collectors who collect FOR HISTORY are also welcome.